Melatonin and Its Impact on Circadian Rhythms and Sleep
Keywords:
Melatonin, Circadian Rhythms, SleepAbstract
Melatonin, synthesized primarily in the pineal gland, acts as a biological signal synchronized to the day-night cycle, influencing various physiological processes through interactions with MT1 and MT2 receptors. By modulating clock gene expression in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN), melatonin plays a pivotal role in maintaining robust circadian rhythms governing sleep-wake cycles, hormone secretion, and metabolic functions. Beyond its chronobiotic effects, melatonin
enhances sleep quality by promoting sleep onset and optimizing sleep architecture, including Rapid Eye Movement (REM) and Slow-Wave Sleep (SWS) stages. Clinical applications of melatonin extend to managing sleep disorders, circadian rhythm disturbances, and conditions associated with oxidative stress and neurodegeneration. Understanding melatonin’s mechanisms of action provides insights into its therapeutic potential and underscores its role in optimizing sleep health and overall well-being.
How to cite this article:
Agung, Bayu, Fadhlan. Melatonin and Its Impact
on Circadian Rhythms and Sleep. J Adv Res
Biochem Pharma 2024; 7(1): 200-00.
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