Assessment of Knowledge and Practice of ICU Nurses regarding Prevention of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia (VAP) at a Tertiary Care Hospital, Jammu and Kashmir
Abstract
Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is defined as
pneumonia in a patient receiving mechanical ventilation that was not
present at the time of admission to hospital or that occurs 48 hours after
intubation and mechanical ventilation.
Objectives: The objectives of the study were to assess the knowledge and
practice scores of ICU nurses, find the association of their knowledge and
practice scores with selected demographic variables, and the correlation
between their knowledge and practice scores.
Methodology: A quantitative research approach with descriptive
correlational design was used. 60 staff nurses working in ICUs of SKIMS
were selected by non-probability purposive sampling. Assessment of
knowledge and practice was done by using a ‘self-structured knowledge
questionnaire’ and ‘observation checklist’ respectively.
Results: The study showed that maximum staff nurses had moderate
knowledge regarding prevention of VAP and majority had unsatisfactory
practice. A statistically significant association was found between the
knowledge score of nurses and their demographic variables (except
gender), and between their practice score and demographic variables
(except gender and in-service teaching programme attended regarding
prevention of VAP). There was no significant correlation between knowledge
and practice scores of study subjects regarding prevention of VAP.
Conclusion: The study concluded that the staff nurses working in ICUs
lack adequate knowledge and satisfactory practice regarding prevention
of VAP. There is a need to conduct in-service education and skill training
programmes to improve their knowledge and practice to provide
mechanically ventilated patients with the best standard of care possible.
How to cite this article:
Hassan S, Wani D, Annu S, Iqbal U, Bharti K,
Nabi R, Akbar W. Assessment of Knowledge
and Practice of ICU Nurses regarding Prevention
of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia (VAP) at a
Tertiary Care Hospital, Jammu and Kashmir. Ind
J Holist Nurs. 2021;12(3):1-8.
References
Anthikad J. Psychology for graduate nurses. 3rd ed. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers; 2004;32.
Hess DR. Ventilatory strategies in severe acute respiratory failure. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2014 Aug;35(4):418-30. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Smeltzer SC, Bare BG, Hinkle JL, Cheever KH. Brunner and Suddarth’s textbook of medical surgical nursing. Respiratory care modalities.12th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins Publication; 2010;1:635-81.
Lewis S, Bucher L, Heitkemper M, Harding M, Kwong J, Roberts D. Medical surgical nursing - assessment and management of clinical problems. 8th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier; 2011;1759-69.
Soni KC, Mehta RK. Knowledge, adherence and barriers towards the prevention of ventilator associated pneumonia among nurses. Int J Sci Res. 2018;7(1):358-63.
Gupta SK, Siddharth V, Belagere MR, Stewardson AJ, Kant S, Singh S, Singh N. National survey of infection control programmes in South Asian association for regional cooperation countries in the era of patient safety. Indian J Med Microbiol. 2018;36(4):577-81. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Ranjan N, Chaudhary U, Chaudhry D, Ranjan KP. Ventilator-associated pneumonia in a tertiary care intensive care unit: analysis of incidence, risk factors and mortality. Ind J Crit Care Med. 2014;18(4):200-4. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Mehta AB, Syeda SN, Wiener RS, Walkey AJ. Epidemiological trends in invasive mechanical ventilation in the United States: a population-based study. J Crit Care. 2015 Dec;30(6):1217-21. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Sachdeva D, Singh D, Loomba P, Kaur A, Tandon M, Bishnoi I. Assessment of surgical risk factors in the development of ventilator-associated pneumonia in neurosurgical intensive care unit patients: alarming observations. Neurol India. 2017;65:779-84. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Osti C, Wosti D, Pandey B, Zhao Q. Ventilator-associated pneumonia and role of nurses in its prevention. J Nepal Med Assoc. 2017 Oct-Dec;56(208):461-8. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Kalyan G, Bibi R, Kaur R, Bhatti R, Kumari R, Rana R, Kumari R, Kaur M, Kaur R. Knowledge and practices of intensive care unit nurses related to prevention of ventilator associated pneumonia in selected intensive care units of a tertiary care centre, India. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2020;25:369-75. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Sharma A. A descriptive study to assess the knowledge of staff nurses regarding ventilator associated pneumonia among patients admitted in intensive care units of selected hospitals of city Jalandhar. IOSR J Nurs Health Sci. 2019;8(2):56-9.
Ali NS. Critical care nurses’ knowledge and compliance with ventilator associated pneumonia bundle at Cairo University Hospitals. J Edu Prac. 2013;4:61-77. [Google Scholar]
Busi S, Ramanjamma. K. Effectiveness of structured teaching programme on level of knowledge and practices regarding prevention of ventilator associated pneumonia among critical care nurses of NRI General Hospital, Guntur, A.P., India. Int J Adv Nur Mgmt. 2016;4(2):125-9. [Google Scholar]
Sisey B. A study on assessment of knowledge, attitude and practices on the prevention of ventilator associated pneumonia among nurses working in five selected adult intensive care units of government hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia [master’s thesis]. AAU Institutional Repository; 2017.
Kapoor J. A descriptive study to assess the knowledge and practice of intensive care nurses on prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) among patients admitted in critical care units of Government Medical College Hospitals, Jammu (J&K). Nat J Multidisc Res Dev. 2017;2(3):358-60.
Pandhare P. A study to assess the knowledge regarding prevention of ventilator associated pneumonia among staff nurses working in selected NICU and PICU units of Sangli-Miraj-Kupawad corporation area. World J Pharma Res. 2018;7(14):345-73.
Pérez-Granda MJ, Muñoz P, Heras C, Sánchez G, Rello J, Bouza E. Prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia: can knowledge and clinical practice be simply assessed in a large institution? Respir Care. 2013 Jul;58(7):1213-9. [Google Scholar]
