International Journal of Advanced Research in Gynaecology and Obstetrics

Rare Presentation of Primary Uterine Teratoma with Congenital Unilateral Renal Agenesis: A Case Report

Sanini Sarah, Nteziyaremye Julius — Mon, 31 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: In gynaecology, uterine teratomas are quite uncommon. The indications and symptoms being vague, its presentation might be difficult to identify. It very seldom coexists with Congenital Unilateral Renal Agenesis (CURA). We describe a rare instance of extragonadal uterine teratoma with congenital unilateral renal agenesis in a 20-year-old nulliparous female who arrived at a tertiary care facility in eastern Uganda with vague signs and symptoms.
Case Presentation: A district hospital referred a 20-year-old nulliparous woman who had a four-year history of urinary blockage and symptoms of overflow incontinence and hesitation. Later, she had menorrhagia, dysmenorrhoea, and irregular uterine bleeding. She was found to be terribly pale and unwell upon inspection, and her blood pressure was measured at 150/90 mmHg. She was discovered to have an abnormal uterine haemorrhage, severe anaemia, congenital unilateral renal agenesis, chronic renal failure with obstructive uropathy, and uterine teratoma. She was managed on repeated blood transfusions and empirical management with antihypertensive drugs, salt and fluid restriction, and antibiotics for chronic renal disease with obstructive uropathy.
She was managed on repeated blood transfusions and empirical management with antihypertensive drugs, salt and fluid restriction, and antibiotics for chronic renal disease with obstructive uropathy.
Conclusion: The association of congenital unilateral renal agenesis with uterine teratomas affecting the corpus, cervix, and fundus is uncommon, despite the few examples of these lesions that have been reported. Additionally, it has been noted that the Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome frequently coexists with instances of renal agenesis. Hence, we encourage gynaecologists to be aware of uterine teratoma as a potential cause of irregular uterine bleeding in women of reproductive age. Additionally, if a patient presents with urinary bladder blockage or other uropathy-related symptoms, one should consider the possibility of congenital urinary diseases. Consideration should be given to collaborative management with a urologist.

How to cite this article:
Sarah S, Julius N. Rare Presentation of Primary Uterine Teratoma with Congenital Unilateral Renal Agenesis: A Case Report. Int J Adv Res Gynaecol Obstet. 2023;1(2):31-39.

A Study to Analyse the Impact of Structured Teaching Programme on Awareness of Adolescent Girls regarding Urinary Tract Infection

Venice Mairya David — Mon, 31 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common problem among adolescent girls causing much discomfort to them and leading them to drop out of school. Inadequate hydration, unclean toilets, and poor menstrual and sexual hygiene practices predispose an adolescent girl to UTI. An international survey reported that 8.1 million girls visit healthcare providers every year; a national family health survey reported a prevalence of 16.6% positivity for UTI among adolescent girls. MP survey reported in 2014, says 8% of adolescent girls are affected.
Method: The study was conducted from August 2019 to September 2019 at Neelbud rural community in Bhopal. The sample consisted of 60 adolescent girls selected through the non-probability purposive sampling technique.
Result: Investigators highlight the finding of the study that the mean value of knowledge score was found to be higher in the post-test (15.8) as compared to that obtained in the pre-test (11.8). A significant difference observed between pre- and post-test scores showed the efficacy of the selected STP.
Conclusion: The selected STP proved to be effective in raising the level of knowledge of adolescent girls regarding the management and prevention of UTI.

How to cite this article:
David VM. A Study to Analyse the Impact of Structured Teaching Programme on Awareness of Adolescent Girls regarding Urinary Tract Infection. Int J Adv Res Gynaecol Obstet. 2023;1(2):7-9.

Study of Intrapartum Care Received in a Selected Hospital in India

Supriya Rakshit, Lakshmi Pandit — Mon, 31 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Intrapartum care should fulfil the need of the new mother and not according to the health care provider’s thought. It is surprising that little research has been done on patient’s ability to understand the quality of intrapartum care in India. So, the investigator felt the need to assess the quality of intrapartum care received by the women.

Methodology: The proposed study was conducted in labour room and postnatal ward of Bankura Sammilani Medical College & Hospital, Bankura, West Bengal. The study population was including all consenting women admitted in the labour room in Bankura Sammilani Medical College & Hospital, Bankura. Sample size of this study was 100. Reliability of observational checklist and record analysis proforma were computed by inter rater method to establish the equivalence of the tool by administering the tool to the 20 subjects.

Results: The findings showed that more than half (53%) of women got good intrapartum care and very few women got (3%) very good intrapartum care.
Conclusion: The study concluded that there is a huge need for improvement in the area ofintrapartum care to reach the level of very good care.

How to cite this article:
Rakshit S, Pandit L. Study of Intrapartum Care Received in a Selected Hospital in India. Int J Adv Res Gynaecol Obstet. 2023;1(2):18-22.

Comparative Study of Ethinyl Estradiol and Dienogest with Ethinyl Estradiol and Levonorgestrel in the Management of Spasmodic Dysmenorrhoea in Late Adolescence

M Vijayasree , Garapati Meghana Choudary — Mon, 31 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: Spasmodic dysmenorrhoea (SD) is defined as painful menses. Dysmenorrhoea may limit the day-to-day activities of a person. Its occurrence is 63% and it is severe in 15% of the people. It requires counselling and treatment.

Aims and Objectives: To know the efficacy of ethinyl estradiol and dienogest versus ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel in reducing pain among women with primary dysmenorrhoea

Methodology: This was a prospective observational study done for six months among 100 females having dysmenorrhoea. They were divided into Group A (N = 50) and Group B (N = 50). The participants of Group A received ethinyl estradiol 0.03 mg/ dienogest 2 mg and those of Group B received ethinyl estradiol 0.03 mg/ levonorgestrel 0.15 mg for three consecutive menstrual cycles. After consent from the participants, their menstrual history was noted and examinations and investigations were done. Drugs were given and follow-up was done. Side effects of these drugs seen in the subjects were noted. The collected data were analysed.

Results: Most of the subjects belonged to the age group of 15-18 years in Groups A and B (80% and 84% respectively). Severe pain was more in Group A (24%) than in Group B (16%). Absence from school was 54% versus 48% in Groups A and B respectively. Menstrual irregularities were present in 42% of subjects in Group A versus 36% in Group B. Additional symptoms were present in 12% and 8% of participants in Groups A and B respectively. Anxiety was observed among 8% and 6% of adolescents in Groups A and B respectively due to pain and menstrual irregularities. Severe pain relief was observed in 100% of participants in Group A and 96% in Group B.

Conclusion: SD is common in adolescents. It reduces the quality of life of women and should be treated. It was seen in this study that dienogest is a better option for its treatment due to a significant reduction of dysmenorrhoea with minimal side effects.

How to cite this article:
Vijayasree M, Choudary GM. A Comparative Study of Ethinyl Estradiol and Dienogest with Ethinyl Estradiol and Levonorgestrel in the Management of Spasmodic Dysmenorrhoea in Late Adolescence. Int J Adv Res Gynaecol Obstet. 2023;1(2):1-6.

Correlation of Middle Cerebral Artery Doppler Velocimetry and Perinatal Outcomes in Intra Uterine Growth Restricted Babies

Bishan Dhiman, Shriya Ganju, Nishi Sood — Mon, 31 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To correlate foetal Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA) Doppler velocimetry indices in clinically diagnosed cases of Intra Uterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) with perinatal results.

Materials and Methods: This study was performed using Doppler MCA among 120 consecutive clinically suspected singleton IUGR pregnancy cases. As per the inclusion criteria, the subjects who were at 34-40 weeks of gestation were selected for the study. The mode of delivery of the participants was noted along with the adverse perinatal outcomes (if any) they had to experience, such as perinatal mortality, hypoglycaemia, asphyxia etc. Follow-up of the participants was ensured till delivery. SPSS 16.0 was used to analyse the obtained data.

Result: This study did not include 3 babies who had congenital anomalies at birth. Among these 120 women, three babies were born with congenital malformations. They were excluded from the study. In 117 study women, the Doppler revealed abnormal values of MCA PI (< 1.5), MCA S/ D ratio (< 4) and MCA RI (< 0.59) in 81 (69.2%), 69 (58.9%) and eight (6.8%) antenatal mothers respectively. Statistically significant correlations were observed with MCA PI and low birth weight (p < 0.001), MCA S/ D ratio and mode of delivery by caesarean section (p < 0.05). Among the neonates, 43 suffered from respiratory distress syndrome and hence needed admission to NICU. There were six perinatal mortalities.

Conclusion: MCA Doppler parameters offer an important non-invasive tool to assess foetal well-being in utero and can help to reduce the risk of prenatal mortality by timely intervention at delivery.

How to cite this article:
Dhiman B, Ganju S, Sood N. Correlation of Middle Cerebral Artery Doppler Velocimetry and Perinatal Outcomes in Intra Uterine Growth Restricted Babies. Int J Adv Res Gynaecol Obstet. 2023;1(2):10-17.

Effect of Physiotherapy on Postmenopausal Women: A Review of Literature

Jitender Munjal, Kalpana Zutshi, Ifra Aman, Mohd Rizwan Khan — Mon, 31 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0000

We pursue a review of literature on the effect of physiotherapy on postmenopausal women and engender alist of evidence-reviewed articles. The articles on postmenopausal women that were finally chosen for review had to include a focus point on the key term,i.e., postmenopausal, urinary in continence, insomnia, low bone density, pelvic floor muscles, and osteoporosis. After a review of all the literature, it was concluded that regular physical activity appears to be an alternative method to reduce urinary in continence, insomnia, REM latency, andpain. It also helps in improving BMD, quality of life, dynamic balance, posture, muscle strength, and sleep quality that occur during the postmenopausal period.
Physiotherapy has a significant effect on urinary in continence,insomnia, and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. However, more randomised clinical trials need to be conducted in this area formore studies.

How to cite this article:
Munjal J, Zutshi K, Aman I, Khan MR. Effect of Physiotherapy on Postmenopausal Women: A Review of Literature. Int J Adv Res Gynaecol Obstet. 2023;1(2):23-27.

Impact of Prenatal Stress on the Foetus

Tuba Zafar, Sadaf Firdaus — Mon, 31 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0000

during it. Your family, your body, and your emotions are all undergoing changes. These changes are exciting, but they can also be stressful. High levels of stress that persists for an extended period of time can cause high blood pressure or heart disease. Morning sickness, constipation, exhaustion, and backaches are just some of the aches and pains that come with pregnancy. Hormones are fluctuating, which might affect your mood. Mood fluctuations can make stress more difficult to manage. There is constant worry what to expect during labour and delivery, or how to care for your newborn. If you work, you may be responsible for managing job tasks and preparing your work for your maternity leave.

How to cite this article:
Zafar T, Firdaus S. Impact of Prenatal Stress on the Foetus. Int J Adv Res Gynaecol Obstet. 2023;1(2):28-30.