Expression of Apoptosis Activating and Cell Proliferation Proteins in Oral Lichen Planus
Keywords:
Lichen, Apoptosis, Cytotoxic T-cells, DiseaseAbstract
Aims and Objectives: Oral lichen planus is an immune-mediated mucocutaneous disease of unknown etiology characterized by the destruction of keratinocytes via apoptosis by infiltrating T lymphocytes. Though cytotoxic T lymphocytes can activate both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of apoptosis, key proteins involved in both pathways have not been studied or there are conflicting results in english literature. The aim of the present paper was to study the key proteins involved in extrinsic & intrinsic pathways of apoptosis as well as products of genes involved in cell proliferation in cases of oral lichen planus.
Material and Methods: The study was undertaken at Maulana Azad Medical College New Delhi. Thirty histopathologically confirmed cases of oral lichen planus were included in this study. The presence of apoptosis was identified by TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labelling. The expression of caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, bax, K-ras, c-jun and c-erb-2 was studied by immunohistochemistry on histopathology sections.
Results: A statistically significant increase in all the proteins studied and apoptosis was found as compared to the control subjects. The association between apoptosis: caspase-3, caspase-3: capase-8, caspase-9: bax, caspase-8: caspase-9 and caspase-3: caspase-9 was also significant.
An inverse association was found between c-jun: apoptosis, and c-erb-2: apoptosis.
Conclusion: We found increased expression of proteins involved in both the pathways of apoptosis as well those associated with cell proliferation. Our results suggest that apoptosis is occurring via both pathways in oral lichen planus. There is also increased cell proliferation which may be responsible for the later development of malignancy in cases of oral lichen planus.
How to cite this article:
Saini N, Babbar R, Mandal AK. Expression of Apoptosis Activating and Cell Proliferation Proteins in Oral lichen Planus. J Adv Res Med Sci Tech. 2019;5(2)25-30.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2394.6539.201905
References
Wilson E. On Lichen Planus. J Cutan Med Dis Skin 1869;3:117-132. [Google Scholar]
Erik H, Schepman PK, Waal I. The possible premalignant character of oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid lesions: A prospective study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral RadiolEndod 2003;96:164-171. [PubMed]
Hellier FF. Environment and Skin disease. Br J Dermatol 1940;52:107-112. [Google Scholar]
Arndt KA. Lichen planus. In: Fitzpatric TB. Dermatology in general Medicine. New York: McGraw, Hill Book Co. 1971,728. [Google Scholar]
White CJ. Lichen planus, A critical analysis of 64 cases. J Cutan Dis 1919;37:639-642. [Google Scholar]
Samman PD. Lichen planus: An analysis of 200 cases. Trans St JonnsHospDermatol So. 1961;64:36-38. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Altma J, Perry HO. The variants and course of lichen planus. Arch Dermatol 1961;84: 179-191. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Sehgal VN, Rege VL. Lichen planus: An appraisal of 147 cases. Ind J DetmatolVenereol 1974;48:104-110. [Google Scholar]
Bhattacharya M, Kaur I, Kumar B. Lichen planus: A clinical and epidemiological study. J Dermatol 2000;27:576-582. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Pindborg JJ. Chavla TN, Mishra RK, Nagpaul RK, Gupta VK: Frequency of oral carcinoma, leukokeratosis, leukoderma, submucous fibrosis and lichen planus in 10,000 Indian in Lucknow, Utter Pradesh, India: Preliminary report. J Dent Res 1965;44:625-30. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Zachariah J, Mathew B, Verma NAR, Iqbal AM, Pindborg JJ: Frequency of oral mucosa! lesions among 5000 individuals in Trivandrum, South India. J Ind Dent Asoc 1966;38:290-294. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Pinborg JJ, Mehta FS, Daftary DK, Gupta PC, Bhonsle RB. Prevalence of oral lichen planus among 7639 Indian villages in Kerala, South India. ActadermVenereol 1972;52:216-220. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Pindborg JJ, Kalapes HK, Kole SA, Singh B, Taleyarkhan BN. Frequency of oral leukoplakia and related conditions among 10,000 Bombaytes. Preliminary report.JInd Dent Assoc 1965;37:228-229. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Kovesi G, Banoczy J. Follow up studies on oral lichen planus. IntJ Oral Surg 1973;2:13-17. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Lacy MF, Reade PC, Hay KD. Lichen planus: a theory of pathogenesis. Oral surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1983;56:521-526. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
HallopeauH. Sur uncas de lichen de Wilson gingival avec neoplasievoisinedans la region maxillaire. Bull Soc Fr Dermatol Syphiligr 191 O; 17:32. [Google Scholar]
Culver GD. A clinical study oflichenplanus. Arch DermatolSyph 1920; l :43-49. [Google Scholar]
Pusey WA. Lichen planus in an infant less than six months old. Arch DermatolSyph 1929;19:671-76. [Google Scholar]
Rajentheran R, Mclesn RN, Kelly GC, Reed FM, Nolan A. Malignant transformation of oral lichen planus. Eur J Surg Oncol 1999;25:520-523. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Duffey P, Eversde LR, Abemayor E. Oral lichen planus and its association with squamous cell carcinoma: an update on pathogenesis and treatment implications.Larynogoscope 1996;106:357-362. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Markopoulos AK, Antoniades D, Papanayotou P, Trigonidis G. Malignant potential of oral lichen planus: a follow up study of 3216 patients. Oral Oncol 1997;33:263-269. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Fulling HJ. Cancer development in oral lichen planus: a follow up study of 327patients. Arch Dermatol 1973;108:667-669. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Silverman Jr. S Gorsky M, Lozada-Nuf F. A prospective follow up study of 570 patients with oral lichen planus: persistence, remission and malignant association.OralSurg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1985;60:30-34. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Murti PR, Daftary DK, Bhonsle RB, Gupta PC, Mehta FS. PindborgJJ.Malignant potential of oral lichen planus observation in 722 patients from Ind J Oral Pathol 1986;15:71-77. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Holmsrrup R, Thom JJ, Rindum J, Pindborg JJ. Malignant development of lichenplanus affected oral mucosa. Oral Pathol 1988;17:219-25. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Salem G. Oral lichen planus among 4277 patients from Gizan Saudi Arabia.Commun Den Oral Epidemiol 1989;17:322-324. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Silvennan S, GorskeyM, Lozada-Nur F, Giannotti KA. Prospective study of findings and management in 214 patients with oral lichen planus. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1991;72:665-670. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Sigurgeirsson B, Undelof B. Lichen planus and malignancy an epidemiologic study of 2071 patients and a review of the literature. Arch Dennatol 1991;127:1684-1688. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Voute AE, de Jong WFB, Schulten EAJM, Show GB, Vander Wall I. Possible premalignant character of oral lichen planus the Amsterdam experience. J Oral Pathol Med 1992;21:326-329. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Brown RS, Bottomley WK, Puente E, Lavigne GL. A retrospective evaluation of 193 patients with oral lichen planus. J Oral Pathol Med 1993;22:421-424. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Barnard NA Scully C, Eceson JW, Cunningham S, Porter SR. Oral Cancer Development In Patients With Oral Lichen planus.J Oral Pathol Med 1993;22:421-424. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Silvennan S, Bahl S. Oral lichen planusup date: Clinical characteristics,treatment responses and malignant transformation. Am J Dent !997;10:259-263. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Lo Muzio L, Mibnogna MD, Favia G, Procaccini M, Tests NF, Bucci E. The possible association between oral lichen planus and oral squamous cell carcinoma: a clinical evaluation on 14 cases and review of literature. Oral Oncol1998;34:239-246. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Lanfranchi- Tizeira HE, Aguas SC, Sano SM. Malignant transfonnation of atypical oral lichen planus: a review of 32 cases. Med Oral 2003;8:2-9. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Bhonsle RB, Pindborg JJ, Gupta PC, Murti PR, Mehta FS. Incidence rate of oral Lichen planus among Indian villages venereal. ActaDermVenereol 1979;59:255-257. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Gupta PC, Murti PR Bhonsel RB, Mehta FS, Pindborg JJ. Effect of cessation of tobacco use on the incidence of oral mucosa! lesions in 10 yrs follow-up study of 12,212 users. Oral Dis 1995;1:54-58. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Hedberg N, Hunter N. A semi quantitative assessment of the histopathology of oral lichen planus. J Oral Pathol 1986;15:268-272. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Bloor BK, Malik FK, Odell EW, Morgan PR. Quantitative assessment of apoptosis in oral lichen planus. Oral surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radio! Endo1999;88: 187-195. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Tschopp J, Jongrneel CV. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte mediated cytolysis. Biochemistery 1988;27:2641-2646. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Shi L, Kam CM, Powers JC, Aebersold R, Greenberg AH. Purification of three cytotoxic lymphocyte granule serine protease that induce apoptosis through distinct substrate and,target cell interactions. J Exp Med 1992;176:1521-1529. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Heusel JW, Wesselschmidt RL, Shresta S, Russell JH, Ley TJ. Cytotoxic lymphocytes require granzyme B for the rapid induction of DNA fragmentation and apoptosis in allogeneic target cells. Cell 1994;76:977-987. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Tian Q, Streuli M, Saito H, Schlossman SF, Anderson P. A polyadenylate binding protein localized to the granules of cytolytic lymphocytes induces DNA fragmentation in target cells. Cell 1991;67:629-639. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Yamamoto T, Osaki T, Yoneda K, Ueta E. Cytokine production by keratinocytes and mononuclear infiltrates in oral lichen planus. J Oral Pathol Med 1994;23:309-315. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Nagata S, Golstein P. The Fas death factor. Science 1995;267:1449-1453. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Quan TL, Tewari M, O'Rouke K, Dixit U, Snipas JS, Poirer GG, Ray C, Pickup JD, Salvesen SG. Proteolytic activation of the cell death protease Yama / CPP32by granzyme B. Proc Nat AcadSci USA 1996;93:1972-1976. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Dekker NP, LozadaNur F, Langenaure LA, MacPhail LA, Bloom CY, RegeziJA.Apoptosis associated markers in oral lichen planus. J Oral Pathol Med1997;26:170-175. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Reeds JC. Double identity for proteins ofBcl-2 family. Nature 1997;387:773-780. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Arroyave T, Acosta VF A, Restrepo RS, M,Duran VB, Misas RM. Expression of caspase-3 and structural changes associated with apoptotic cell death of keratinocytes in oral lichen planus. J Oral Pathol Med 2004; 10: 173-178. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Karatsaidis A, Schreurs 0, Axell T, Helgeland K, Schenck K. Identity of TUNEL- positive cells in oral buccal epithelium of normal mucosa and lichen lesions. JOralPathol Med 2004;33:264-268. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Tancla N, Mori S, Saito K. Sakamoto S. Expression of apoptotic signaling proteins in leukoplakia and oral lichen planus : quantitative and topographical studies. JOralPathol Med 2000;29:385-393. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Bascones C, Moles-Gozalez MA, Esparza G, Bravo M, Acevedo A, Montoya -Gil JA, Bascones A. Apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in oral lichen planus hypothesis on their possible influence on its malignant transformation. Arch Oral Biol 2005;29:385-393. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Sklavovnous A, Chrysomali E, Scorilas A, Karameris A. TNF- alfa expression and apoptosis regulating proteins in oral lichen planus: a comparative irnmunohistochemicalevalution. J Oral Pathol Med 2000;29:370-375. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Kilpi A, Rich AM, Konttinen YT, Reade PC. The expression of c-erbB-2 proteinin the keratinocytes of oral mucosa! lichenplanus. Br J Dermatol 1995;133:847-852. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Taniguchi Y, Nagao T, Maeda H, Kameyama Y, Warnakulasuriya KA. Epithelial Cell Proliferation In Oral Inchen Planus. Cell Prolif 2002;35:103-109. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Susin SA, Zamzami N, Castedo M, Hirsch T, Marchetti P. Bcl-2 inhibits' the mitochondrial release of an apoptogenic protease. J Exp Med 1996;184:1331-1341. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2019 Navneet Saini, Rashmi Babbar, Ashish Kumar Mandal
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
