International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Sustainability

A Comprehensive Review of Dairy Cattle Management: Best Practices for Sustainable and Efficient Milk Production

Jagriti Tiwari — 2025-06-30

Dairy cattle management is crucial for ensuring the efficient and sustainable production of high-quality milk. This review examines key practices and strategies involved in managing dairy cattle, focusing on nutrition, housing, breeding, health management, and emerging technologies. Proper nutrition, including balanced diets of forages and concentrates, is essential for maximizing milk production and maintaining cow health. Adequate housing and environmental conditions, including space, ventilation, and bedding, are vital for cow comfort and productivity. Advanced breeding techniques, such as artificial insemination and genetic testing, help improve milk yield and disease resistance. Effective health management, including vaccination and mastitis control, ensures the overall well-being of the herd. Furthermore, the integration of innovative technologies such as precision dairy farming and sustainable practices like waste management and climate-smart farming are transforming the industry, promoting both environmental sustainability and operational efficiency. This review highlights the importance of these management practices and their role in advancing dairy farming while addressing challenges posed by environmental and economic factors.

A Comprehensive Review of Organic Farming, Precision Agriculture, and Data Handling in Modern Agriculture

Khushboo Upadhyay — 2025-06-30

This review explores the integration of organic farming, precision agriculture, and data handling, highlighting their collective impact on modern agricultural practices. Organic farming, with its emphasis on sustainability and natural methods, faces challenges related to lower yields and resource management. On the other hand, precision agriculture, driven by advanced technologies such as sensors, GPS, and data analytics, optimizes resource use and increases efficiency. The fusion of these two approaches, powered by data handling capabilities, creates a new paradigm of sustainable agriculture. Data-driven insights allow farmers to make more informed decisions, improving crop yields while adhering to organic principles. This article examines the role of data collection, analysis, and visualization in enhancing farming practices and promoting sustainability. It also addresses the challenges related to technology adoption, data privacy, and the future potential of these integrated farming strategies. The review concludes that the combination of organic farming with precision agriculture represents a promising solution for the future of food production, offering enhanced productivity, environmental stewardship, and long-term sustainability.

Advances in Vegetable Production and Management: Strategies for Sustainable Growth and Efficiency

Meghana Mishra — 2025-06-30

Vegetable production plays a crucial role in global food security, providing essential nutrients for human health. As the world’s population grows, the demand for vegetables increases, necessitating the adoption of innovative and sustainable farming techniques. This article reviews the latest advancements in vegetable production and management, emphasizing modern technologies, sustainable practices, and efficient resource management. Key topics include the use of hydroponics, vertical farming, and precision agriculture to optimize yields and reduce environmental impact. The article also explores sustainable practices such as Integrated Pest Management (IPM), soil health management, and water conservation strategies. Technological innovations, including artificial intelligence, robotics, and blockchain, are highlighted for their potential to revolutionize vegetable farming. The economic and environmental benefits of modern vegetable production are discussed, along with the challenges faced by farmers in adapting to climate change, pest resistance, and resource limitations. Ultimately, the review underscores the importance of integrating innovative practices with sustainability to meet the growing global demand for vegetables while safeguarding the environment.

Exploring the Fascinating World of Entomology: A Deep Dive into the Study of Insects

Karishma Dubey — 2025-06-30

Entomology, the scientific study of insects, plays a crucial role in understanding biodiversity, ecosystem functioning, and human health. Insects are the most diverse group of organisms on Earth, occupying vital ecological niches as pollinators, decomposers, and pest controllers. This review explores the importance of insects, highlighting their ecological and economic roles, including their impact on agriculture, disease transmission, and environmental conservation. The article further examines the various specializations within entomology, such as economic, medical, forensic, behavioral, and conservation entomology. Recent advancements in the field, particularly through genetic tools and insect behavior research, are discussed, emphasizing how these innovations are enhancing our understanding of insect biology. Additionally, the challenges facing the field, such as declining insect populations due to habitat loss and climate change, are addressed. Ultimately, this review underscores the significance of entomology in addressing global issues and advocates for continued research and conservation efforts to protect insect biodiversity.

The Rising Concern: The Impact of Weed and Pesticide Use in Agriculture

Mansi Gupta — 2025-06-30

The use of herbicides and pesticides in modern agriculture has become a cornerstone of crop management, offering effective solutions to control weeds and pests that threaten yield and quality. However, the extensive reliance on these chemicals has raised significant concerns regarding their environmental impact, public health risks, and the development of resistance among pests. This article examines the roles of herbicides and pesticides in agriculture, highlighting their benefits in enhancing productivity while also addressing the risks associated with their overuse. The environmental consequences, including pollution and harm to beneficial species, are explored, alongside the health risks posed by chemical residues and long-term exposure. Furthermore, the article presents sustainable alternatives such as Integrated Pest Management (IPM), biopesticides, and other non-chemical weed control methods, emphasizing the need for a more balanced and eco-friendly approach to pest and weed management. The future of agricultural practices depends on innovative solutions that reduce chemical dependency while maintaining crop productivity, promoting both environmental health and food security.