Bioactive Compounds and Health Benefits of Trigonella Foenum-Graecum Linn.: A Study on Seed And Callus

Abstract

 An effective method was developed to induce callus formation using various fenugreek explants. The study compared the phenolic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties of seeds and calli from different fenugreek explants. Fenugreek, renowned for its medicinal properties in pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals, was evaluated. Three explants— hypocotyl, root, and cotyledons—were used for callus induction. These explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with varying concentrations (0.5-6 mg/L) of 2, 4-D, NAA, and TDZ. Antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH and Folin-ciocalteu assays, while antimicrobial activity of calli and seed extracts was also evaluated. Friable callus was successfully induced from all explants using all plant growth regulators (PGRs) except for 2, 4-D, which failed to stimulate callus formation in root explants. Among the explants, root segments showed superior callus induction, achieving a maximum fresh weight of 5.29 g with TDZ at 2 mg/L, and the highest callus index of 4.3 with TDZ at 0.5 mg/L. Hypocotyl-derived callus exhibited the highest phenolic content (246.9 mg GAE/g DW), followed by root callus (243.5 mg GAE/g DW), seed (176.2 mg GAE/g DW), and cotyledon callus (64.9 mg GAE/g DW). Seed extracts demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity at 44.3%, compared to 34.7%, 24.3%, and 16.7% recorded for cotyledon, hypocotyl, and root calli, respectively. In terms of antimicrobial activity, hypocotyl-derived callus exhibited the largest zone of inhibition (19mm) against E. coli. Overall, fenugreek calli demonstrated promising biological activities compared to seed extracts.

How to cite this article:
Nalubega A , Ssempala E. Bioactive Compounds
And Health Benefits of Trigonella Foenum
Graecum Linn.: A Study on Seed And Callus. J
Adv Res in medc che 2024; 6(1): 1-7.