Milestones in Understanding and Management of Hypertension through Ages: Historical Perspective
Keywords:
...Abstract
The history of hypertension goes back a long way. Ancient Chinese and Indian Physicians felt the quality of an individual’s pulse by palpation and considered it as an indicator for the conditions of the cardiovascular system. What was called “hard pulse” possibly would qualify for the modern term of hypertension. Frederick Akbar Mahomed, an Irish-Indian physician, first described condition that known as “essential hypertension” separating it from vascular changes that founds in chronic glomerulonephritis such as Bright’s disease, in nineteenth century. He also described that high Blood pressure may be found in apparently healthy persons, that high blood pressure was more exist in old persons and that kidney; heart and brain may be affected by high arterial tension. In the early twentieth century, mercury sphygmomanometer was invented and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were defined by appearance/ disappearance of Korotkoff sounds as heard via the stethoscope, and then present quantitative idea of hypertension means systolic and diastolic categories existed. The monitoring of BP by sphygmomanometer becomes a part of routine physical examination since middle of twentieth century.
How to cite this article:
Javaid M, Ashraf SMS, Khan AA. Milestones in
Understanding and Management of Hypertension
through Ages: Historical Perspective. J Integ
Comm Health 2020; 9(1): 31-34
References
Gruner Oskar Cameron A treatise on the canon of medicine of Avicenna, AMS Press New Delhi; 1929:57,252, 276, ISBN: 0404112315.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4763852/ Cited on 15-01-19
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebers_Papyrus Cited on 15-1-19
QadirAshar History of Medicine and Medical Ethics 3rded.National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language, New Delhi; 2005: 34,82,87,201
K Park, park’s Text book of preventive and social medicine, 23rd ed. M/S Banarsi Das Bhanot, M.P.India; 2015:3,654,374-376.
"Under pressure - Health - Specials - smh.com.au" www.smh.com.au.Retrieved 2017-08-09. Cited on 15-01-19
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulse diagnosis Cited on 20-01-19
Peter Koch, Ayurvedische Pulse diagnose: December 1, 2012.
Lad, Vasant (2005) Secrets of the Pulse: The Ancient Art of Ayurvedic Pulse Diagnosis. 1st ed. MotilalBanarsidas Publisher; 2005, ISBN: 9788120820265
T. N. Huang, The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine (1966), translated by IlzaVeith. 1st ed. University of California Press; 2015.
C. Vlachopoulos and M. O'Rourke, “Genesis of the normal and abnormal arterial pulse,” Current Problems in Cardiology, Vol. 25, (5), 2000: 301–367,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erasistratus Cited on 22-01-19
Hamdani Husain kamaluddinUsool-e- Tibb, 1st ed. National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language, New Delhi; 1920: 87,90,215,525
J S Floyer. The physician's pulse-watch; or An essay to explain the old art of feeling the pulse, and to improve it by the help of a pulse-watch. 1st ed. London, UK, 1707.
O. C. L' antique, Des Asclepiades a Galien. La circulation et al. histoire, physiologie, séméiotique, indications thérapeutiques, Baillière, Paris, France, 1886.
H. V. Staden, Herophilus, the Art of Medicine in Early Alexandria, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1989.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_hypertension Cited on 25-01-19
K Sembulingam, PremaSembulingam, Essentials of Medical Physiology 6th ed. JAYPEE Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., New Delhi; 2012:520-528,534,572-573,603-605,612.
https://blog.withings.com/2014/05/21/the-history-of-blood-pressure Cited on 25-01-19
http://www.clinicalpublishing.co.uk/samples/09/PS_Hypertension%20ebook%20chp Problem Solving in Hypertension%201.pdf, Cited on 30-01-19
Cameron JS, Hicks J. Frederick Akbar Mahomed and his role in the description of hypertension at Guy’s Hospital. Kidney Int. (1996) 49:1488–506.
O’Rourke MF. Frederic Akbar Mahomed. Hypertension (1992) 19 (2):2 12–7. .
Paul. Korner Essential Hypertension and Its Causes: Neural and Non-Neural Mechanisms. Oxford University Press, USA (11 May 2007), P-4, ISBN 978-0-19-535740-0.
Keith NM, Wagener HP, Kernohan J W. "The syndrome of malignant hypertension". Arch Intern. Med. (1928) 41 (2):141-188 doi:10.1001/archinte.1928.00130140003001.
Hay J "A British Medical Association Lecture on the significance of a raised blood pressure". British Medical Journal. 2 (3679) (July 1931): 437.
Moser M "Historical perspectives on the management of hypertension". Journal of Clinical Hypertension. 8 (8Suppl), 2006: 15–20,
White PD. Heart Disease 2nd ed. New York, NY: MacMillan Co. 1937: 326
Pickering GW "The natural history of hypertension". British Medical Bulletin. 8 (4) 1952: 305–9. PMID 12987687.
Society of Actuaries Committee on Mortality (1960). Build and blood pressure study, 1959. Chicago IL: Society of Actuaries.
Mahmood Syed S. et al. The Framingham Study; Section 30: Some characteristics related to the incidence of cardiovascular disease and death: 18 year follow-up". DHEW Publication (NIH) 1974: 74-599.
